Ashwagandha is traditionally used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine as a Rasayana (rejuvenative tonic) to relieve general debility, especially during convalescence or old age; as a sleep aid; to balance aggravated Vata (nervine tonic, sedative); and for memory enhancement.

Ashwagandha is also used for arthritis, anxiety, and insomnia. It is also a general tonic and adaptogen, increasing resistance to environmental stress.